CWAP-403 Exam Format | Course Contents | Course Outline | Exam Syllabus | Exam Objectives
Exam Name
:
Wireless Analysis Professional
Exam Number :
CWAP-403 CWAP
Exam Duration :
120 minutes
Questions in Exam :
60
Passing Score :
70%
Recommended Training :
Official Wi-Fi Analysis Self Study Kit
Training Class
Exam Registration :
PEARSON VUE
Real Questions :
CWNP CWAP-403 Real Questions
VCE Practice Test :
CWNP Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Practice Test
Protocol Analysis
15%
1. Capture 802.11 frames using the appropriate methods and locations
- Install monitor mode drivers
- Select appropriate capture device
- Select appropriate capture location
- Capture for an appropriate amount of time based on the problem scenario
- Scanning channels vs. capturing on a single channel
- Capturing in roaming scenarios
- Capture with portable protocol analyzers (laptops)
- Capture with APs, controllers, and other management solutions
- Capture with specialty devices such as handheld analyzers
2. Analyze 802.11 frame captures to discover problems and find solutions
- Use appropriate display filters to view relevant frames and packets
- Use colorization to highlight important frames and packets
- Configure and display columns for analysis purposes
- View frame and packet decodes and understand the information shown and apply it to the analysis process
- Use multiple adapters and channel aggregation to view captures from multiple channels
- Implement protocol analyzer decryption procedures
- View and use captures statistical information for analysis
- Use expert mode for analysis
- View and understand peer maps as they relate to communications analysis
3. Understand and apply the common capture configuration parameters available in protocol analysis tools
- Save to disk
- Packet slicing
- Event triggers
- Buffer options
- Channels and channel widths
- Capture filters
- Channel scanning and dwell time
4. Utilize additional tools that capture 802.11 frames for the purposes of analysis and troubleshooting
- WLAN scanners and discovery tools
- Protocol capture visualization and analysis tools
- Centralized monitoring, alerting and forensic tools
5. Ensure appropriate troubleshooting methods are used with all analysis types
- Define the problem
- Determine the scale of the problem
- Identify probably causes
- Capture and analyze the data
- Observe the problem
- Choose appropriate remediation steps
- Document the problem and resolution
Spectrum Analysis
15%
1. Capture RF spectrum data and understand the common views available in spectrum analyzers
- Install, configure and use spectrum analysis software and hardware
Configure Wi-Fi integration
Save and export capture data
- Capture RF spectrum data using handheld, laptop-based and infrastructure spectrum capture solutions
- Understand and use spectrum analyzer views
Real-time FFT
Waterfall, swept spectrogram, density and historic views
Utilization and duty cycle
Detected devices
WLAN integration views
2. Analyze spectrum captures to identify relevant RF information and issues
- Determine the RF noise floor in an environment
- Determine Signal-to-Noise Ration (SNR) for a given signal
- Locate and identify sources of RF interference
- Identify RF channel utilization
- Analyze a non-Wi-Fi transmitter and its impact on WLAN communications
- Overlapping and non-overlapping adjacent channel interference
- Poor performing or faulty radios
3. Analyze spectrum captures to identify various device signatures
- Identify frequency hopping devices
- Identify various 802.11 PHYs
802.11b
802.11g
802.11a
802.11n
802.11ac
Channel widths
Primary channel
- Identify non-802.11 devices based on RF behaviors and signatures
Microwave oven
Video devices
Jammers
Cordless phones
4. Centralized spectrum analysis solutions
- AP-based spectrum analysis
- Sensor-based spectrum analysis
PHY Layers and Technologies
10%
1. Understand and describe the functions and the PLCP and PMD sublayers
2. Apply the understanding of PHY technologies (including PHY headers, preambles, training fields, frame aggregation and data rates) to captured data
- DSSS
- HR/DSSS
- OFDM
- ERP
- HT
- VHT
3. Identify and use PHY information provided in pseudo-headers within protocol analyzers
- Pseudo-header formats
Radiotap
Per Packet Information (PPI)
- Signal strength
- Data rate and MCS index
- Length information
- Channel center frequency or received channel
- Channel properties
- Noise
4. Recognize the limits of protocol analyzers in capturing PHY information including NULL data packets and PHY headers
5. Use appropriate capture devices based on an understanding of PHY types
- Supported PHYs
- Supported spatial streams
- Short Guard Interval (SGI)
MAC Sublayer and Functions
25%
1. Understand frame encapsulation and frame aggregation
2. Identify and use MAC information in captured data for analysis
- Management, control, and data frames
- MAC Frame Format
Frame Control Field
To DS and From DS
Address Fields
Frame Check Sequence (FCS)
- 802.11 Management Frame Formats
Information Elements
Authentication
Association and Reassociation
Beacon
Probe Request and Probe Response
- Data and QoS Data Frame Formats
- 802.11 Control Frame Formats
Acknowledgement
RTS/CTS
Block Acknowledgement and related frames
3. Validate BSS configuration through protocol analysis
- Country code
- Minimum basic rate
- Supported rates
- Beacon intervals
- WMM settings
- RSN settings
- HT and VHT operations
- Channel width
- Primary channel
- Hidden or non-broadcast SSIDs
4. Identify and analyze CRC error frames and retransmitted frames
WLAN Medium Access
10%
1. Understand 802.11 contention algorithms in-depth and know how they impact WLANs
- Distributed Coordination Function (DCF)
Carrier Sense and Energy Detect
Network Allocation Vector (NAV)
Contention Window (CW) and random backoff
Interframe Spacing
- Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA)
EDCA Function (EDCAF)
Access Categories and Queues
AIFSN
- Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM)
WMM parameters
WMM Power Save
WMM Admission Control
2. Analyze QoS configuration and operations
- Verify QoS parameters in capture files
- Ensure QoS is implemented end-to-end
802.11 Frame Exchanges
25%
1. Capture, understand, and analyze BSS discovery and joining frame exchanges
- BSS discovery
- 802.11 Authentication and Association
- 802.1X/EAP exchanges
- Pre-shared key authentication
- Four-way handshake
- Group key exchange
- Pre-FT (802.11r) fast secure roaming mechanisms
- Fast BSS Transition (FT) roaming exchanges and fast secure roaming
- Hotspot 2.0 protocols and operations from a client access perspective (ANQP and initial access)
- Neighbor discovery
2. Analyze roaming behavior and resolve problems related to roaming
- Sticky clients
- Excessive roaming
- Channel aggregation for roaming analysis
3. Analyze data frame exchanges
- Data frames and acknowledgement frames
- RTS/CTS data frame exchanges
- QoS data frame exchanges
- Block Acknowledgement exchanges
4. Analyze HT/VHT-specific transmission methods
- MIMO
- Transmit Beamforming (TxBF)
- MU-MIMO
- Frame aggregation (A-MSDU and A-MPDU)
5. Analyze behavior and resolve problems related to MAC layer operations
- Power Save operations
- Protection mechanisms
- Load balancing
- Band Steering
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QUESTION: 53
What is the function of the PHY Preamble?
A. To set the modulation method for the MPDU
B. Allows the receiver to detect and synchronize with the signal
C. To terminate a conversation between transmitter and receiver
D. Carries the NDP used in Transmit Beamforming and MU-MIMO
Answer: B
QUESTION: 54
Which one of the following is required for Wi-Fi integration in laptop-based Spectrum
Analyzer software?
A. A supported WLAN adaptor with a customized driver
B. Any 802.11 wireless adaptor
C. A dual radio spectrum analyzer card
D. SNMP read credentials to the WLAN controller or APs
Answer: C
QUESTION: 55
Which one of the following is not a valid acknowledgment frame?
A. RTS
B. CTS
C. Ack
D. Block Ack
Answer: C
QUESTION: 56
Which common feature of a Spectrum Analyzer would be the best to help you locate a
non-802.11 interference source?
A. Max hold
B. Location filter
C. Waterfall plot
D. Device finder
Answer: D
QUESTION: 57
Prior to a retransmission what happens to the CWmax value?
A. Reset to 0
B. Doubles and increases by 1
C. Increases by 1
D. Set to the value of the AIFSN
Answer: B
QUESTION: 58
Which one of the best following is an advantage of using display filters instead of
capture-time filters?
A. Display filters allow for focused analysis on just the packets of interest
B. Once created display filters are reusable for later captures
C. Display filters only hide the packets from view and the filtered packets can be
enabled for view later
D. Multiple display filters can be applied simultaneously
Answer: A
QUESTION: 59
During a VHT Transmit Beamforming sounding exchange, the beamformee transmits a
Compressed Beamforming frame to the beamformer. What is communicated within this
Compressed Beamforming frame?
A. Steering Matrix
B. Beamforming Matrix
C. Feedback Matrix
D. Beamformee Matrix
Answer: C
QUESTION: 60
You are troubleshooting a client that is experiencing slow WLAN performance. As part
of the troubleshooting activity, you start a packet capture on your laptop close to the
client device. While analyzing the packets, you suspect that you have not captured all
packets transmitted by the client. By analyzing the trace file, how can you confirm if
you have missing packets?
A. Look for gaps in the sequence number in MAC header
B. Protocol Analyzers show the number of missing packets in their statistics view
C. Retransmission are an indication of missing packets
D. The missing packets will be shown as CRC errored packets
Answer: C
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